钙盐协同枯草芽孢杆菌对苹果采后炭疽病的控制

Prevention of postharvest anthracnose pathogen on apples by calcium salt synergetic with Bacillus subtilis

为控制果实采后病害,采用液体共培养、平板菌落计数和活体侵染等方法,研究钙盐和枯草芽孢杆菌对苹果炭疽菌的作用机制和对苹果炭疽病的控制效果。结果显示,钙盐延缓了枯草芽孢杆菌的增殖速率和衰亡期细胞死亡速率,即延长了枯草芽孢杆菌世代周期;钙盐协同枯草芽孢杆菌可抑制苹果炭疽菌菌丝体干重、孢子萌发率和芽管长度,其抑制率分别为54.75%、88.99%和45.88%,抑制效果显著高于钙盐和枯草芽孢杆菌的单独作用,同时推迟了苹果炭疽病的发病时间,抑制了病斑的扩展和分生孢子盘的发育;钙盐协同枯草芽孢杆菌对苹果炭疽病的防治效果为55.53%,明显好于各自的单独作用。

A study is made of the prevention of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by calcium salt combined with Bacillus subtilis through their co-culture in a solution, germ plate counter and living body contaminating to measure the mechanism and efficiency of the prevention, with aim at control fruit postharvest dis- ease. Results show calcium salt reduced growth rate and death rate of germs such prolong the generation cycle of B. subtilis. The treatment of calcium salt synergetic with B. subtilis depressed growth of C. gloeosporioides. It has lower hyphal growth, conidia germination and germ tube elongation than those of others. The inhibitory actions to hyphal growth, conidia germination and germ tube elongation are 54.75%, 88.99%, and 45.88% respectively. It also has lower infection rate, more delayed formation of acervulus and smaller lesion diameter. Control effect of apple anthracnose on calcium salt synergetic with B. subtilis is 55.53%. It provides significantly better control of apple postharvest anthracnose than calcium salt and B. subtilis respectively.