2008年昌宁县食品、公共场所从业人员HBV感染状况分析

Infection Status of HBV among Employees from Catering and Public Places in Changning County in 2008

目的了解2008年云南省昌宁县食品、公共场所从业人员乙肝病毒(HBV)感染情况,确定管理的重点人群。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)对2008年共3473例从业人员进行HBsAg检测,阳性血清进一步检测HBsAg、HBsAb(表面抗体)、HBeAg(e抗原)、HBeAb(e抗体)、HBcAb(核心抗体),即乙肝血清标志物5项指标检测,并对结果进行分析。结果2008年从业人员HBsAg阳性率为0.89%,男女差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.03,P>0.05),在食品、公共场所从业人员中构成比以前者高,但两者之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.18,P>0.05)。年龄分布以40岁年龄组最高,HBsAg阳性血清经5项指标检测HBsAg+HBeAb+HBcAb模式占38.71%,HBsAg+HBeAg+HBcAb模式占25.81%,HBsAg+HBcAb模式占35.48%。结论食品、公共场所行业人员进行一年一次预防性健康检查和上岗前预防性健康检查,是降低HBV感染率的有效干预措施。

[ Objective ] To understand the infection status of HBV among employees from catering and public places in Changning County in 2008 so as to identify the key population. [ Methods ] Enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay （ ELISA method ） was adopted to conduct HBsAg detection on 3473 employees in 2008. Further tests of positive serum HBsAg, HBsAb （ surface antibody）, HBeAg （ e antigen ）, HBeAb （ e antibody ）, HBcAb （ core antibody ）, that is, the five indicators of detection of serum hepatitis B, were conducted on the positive serum samples. The results were analyzed. [ Results ] The positive rate of HBsAg among employees was 0.89% in 2008, the difference between genders was not significant （ X^2 =0.03 ,P 〉0. 05 ）. The constituent ratio of catering employees was higher than that of public places employees, but the difference was not significant （X^2 = 0. 18, P 〉 0.05 ）. The maximum appeared in 40-year-old age group for age distribution, HBsAg positive serum by detection of the 5 indicators, HBsAg ＋ HBeAb ＋ HBcAb model accounted for 38.71%, HBsAg ＋ HBeAg ＋ HBcAb model accounted for 25.81%, HBsAg ＋ HBcAb model accounted for 35.48%. [ Conclusion] Preventive health examination annually and preventive health examination before work for employees from catering and public places are the effective interventions for reducing HBV infection.