维持性血液透析患者主要照顾者负荷水平和社会支持的相关性研究

Study on the care burden level and social support of MIlD patient＇ s main watchers

目的探讨维持性血液透析（maintenancehemodialysis，MHD）患者主要照顾者负荷水平、社会支持及其相关性。方法采用照顾者负荷量表（caregivers’burdenscale）和社会支持评定量表（SocialSupportRatingScale，ssRS），对62名MHD患者主要照顾者进行问卷调查并作统计分析。结果MHD患者主要照顾者的照顾负荷程度偏重，总负荷平均分为（54．71±20．322）分，3个负荷维度中社交功能负荷稍高于心理功能负荷，身体功能负荷程度较轻。MHD患者主要照顾者的社会支持水平较低，其总分为（31．44±9．623）分，3个社会支持维度中主观支持得分最高，其次为社会支持利用度和客观支持。MHD患者主要照顾者总负荷和社会支持之间呈负相关（P〈0．01）；其身体功能负荷、心理功能负荷及社交功能负荷均与主观支持之间呈负相关（P〈0.01）；社交功能负荷与社会支持利用度之间也呈负相关（p〈0.05）。结论MHD患者主要照顾者群体需引起社会的广泛关注，有关医疗服务机构应考虑采取有效措施，帮助提高其社会支持水平，减轻其照顾负荷。

Objective To investigate the level of burden and social support and their correlation of main watcher of MHD patients. Methods Sixty-two patient caregivers were investigated with caregivers＇ burden scale and Social Support Rating Scale （ SSRS ） ,. The results were statistically analysed. Results （ 1 ） Main caregivers＇ burden level was high, the mean score of the total burden was （54.71 ±20. 322）. Among the three dimensions of the care burden, the score of social function burden was little higher than psychological function , the score of physical function was the lowest . （2） Main caregivers of MHD patients had lower social support level comparing with the normal people ; And the total score is （31.44± 9. 623 ） ; Among the three dimensions of the social support, the score of subjective support is highest, the score of social support utilization was in the centre, and the score of objective support was the lowest. （3） Ma/n caregivers＇ of MHD patients care burden level was found negatively correlated with their social support （P 〈 0. 01 ） ;Social function burden,psychological function burden, physical function burden were found significantly negatively correlated with subjective support （P 〈 0. 01 ）; Social function burden was also found significantly negatively correlated with social support utilization （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Main caregivers of MHD patients should attracted wide attention from society, relative medical institution should take effective measures to raise the level of their social support and decrease their burden..