棉花纤维辅助合成纳米氧化镍及其电容性能

Synthesis of nano-sized nickel oxide assisted by cotton fiber and its capacitance performance

以廉价、多孔的棉花纤维为天然模板,结合溶胶-凝胶法对模板进行填充,得到模板/溶胶复合体系,干燥后转变成模板/凝胶体系,再于600℃条件下热处理6h,得到了纳米氧化镍。借助X射线衍射测试(XRD)以及透射电镜测试(TEM)对所得样品的晶型和形貌大小进行了表征,并借助循环伏安和恒流充放电测试对所得样品的电化学性能做了初步探讨。X射线衍射测试结果证实所得样品为立方相氧化镍,透射电镜测试结果表明所得氧化镍为粒径在60nm左右的球形颗粒。电化学测试结果表明所得氧化镍电极在6mol/L氢氧化钾溶液中,0～0.4V(vs.SCE)电位范围内,具有较好的循环稳定性,单电极的放电比容量达到了360F/g。

Nano-sized nickel oxide （NiO） was synthesized by using low cost and porous cotton fiber as natural template in conjunction with sol - gel approach for the first time. Firstly,the template-sol system was prepared by immersing sol into cotton fiber. Then it was converted into template.gel system by drying. Finally, prepared complex precursors were thermally decomposed and template was removed simuhaneously by annealing at 600℃ for 6 h to obtain nano - NiO samples. Crystal formation, size, and morphology of the obtained samples were characterized by X - ray diffraction （ XRD ） and transmission electron microscopy （ TEM ）. Their electrochemical performance was preliminarily discussed by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. Results of XRD showed that sample was cubic NiO. TEM test results indicated prepared NiO displayed spherically and its average size was about 60 nm. In addition, electrochemical measurements indica- ted prepared NiO electrodes had a good stability and cyclic performance, and their specific capacitance as single electrode was up to 360 F/g in 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte with the potential range from 0 to 0.4 V （ vs SCE. ）