20种药剂对苹果黄蚜室内毒力测定及安全性评价

Toxicities of 20 Insecticide to Aphis citricola von der Goot and Their Safety Evaluations

通过20种药剂对苹果黄蚜室内毒力测定及对脊椎动物选择毒性比较表明:氯噻啉表现出了对苹果黄蚜极高的活性,高效氯氟氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯次之,乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱、氟硅菊酯对苹果黄蚜活性最低;氯噻啉对苹果黄蚜具有极高的选择性,其次为氟氯氰菊酯、烯啶虫胺、高效氯氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯等,毒死蜱、三唑磷、甲胺磷等药剂的选择性则明显较差。综合试验结果及在田间观察,菊酯类农药杀伤天敌比较严重,推荐防治苹果黄蚜药剂为氯噻啉、烯啶虫胺、吡虫啉、啶虫脒等。

Toxieities and vertebrate selectivity ratio of 20 insecticide to Aphis citficola yon der Goot were analysed. The result showed that imidachothiz with the best activity for Aphis citricola, other insecticides with higher toxicity are lambda-cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, acephate, ehlorpyrifos, silafluofen with the low activity for Aphis citricola. The analysis of the vertebrate selectivity ratio（VSR） of different insecticides showed that imidachothiz had the highest selectivity against Aphis citricola, cyfluthrin, nitenpyram, beta-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin had better selectivity, chlorpyrifos, triazophos, methamidophos showed no selectivity to Aphis citricola. We found that pyrethroid insecticides were not safe for the natural enemy, so imidachothiz, nitenpyram, imidacloprid, acetamiprid were suggested for against Aphis citricola.