肥胖、2型糖尿病过程中大鼠肝脏形态结构变化的比较

The Change of Form and Structure of Rat Liver in Obesity/Diabetes Process

目的:探讨在肥胖、糖尿病过程中大鼠肝脏形态结构的变化。方法:Wistar雄性大鼠,随机分为:普通饮食组,高脂饮食组,高脂饮食+链脲佐菌素组。第0周随机抽取6只大鼠处死后取肝脏进行石蜡包埋,HE染色,制成切片。在饲养过程中选取不同时间点,各组随机处死2只大鼠,取肝脏进行石蜡包埋,HE染色,切片,镜下观察,比较各组差异。结果:与对照组相比,肥胖组大鼠肝脏组织中脂肪细胞数目增多、体积变大,随肥胖程度的增加而加剧,导致肝发生中、重度脂肪变性。肝细胞肿胀,肝窦间隙变窄,可见炎性细胞浸润增多,凋亡细胞增多。糖尿病组大鼠,肝脏组织中脂滴形成,出现大的脂囊。肝细胞出现细胞核固缩,凋亡细胞增多,有炎性细胞浸润,以淋巴细胞为主,未见巨噬细胞增多。血管壁硬化、玻璃样变性。结论:在肥胖/糖尿病发生、发展过中,大鼠肝脏中有脂肪的异位储存(肝脂肪样变性),并伴随有炎性细胞的浸润。

Objective： To investigate the change of rat liver in form and structure in obesity/diabetes process. Method： Wistar male rats were divided into 3 groups： full diet group （normal control）, high fat diet group （obesity group） and high fat diet and streptozotocin group （diabetes group）. Before the experiment, 6 rats which were random sampling were killed to take their livers. After paraffin imbed- ding and HE dyeing, the livers were made into cut-sheet. In the 6th, 9th, 12th, and 14th weeks, we killed 2 rats in each group and made cut-sheets after the paraffin imbedding and HE dyeing separately. Discrepancy comparison was made under olymplus light microscope, enlargement factor is 400 times. Result： Architecture of rat livers in normal control were complete and clear. Structure of acini hepatic had no abnormality such as adipose degeneration. Adipocyte in the liver tissue of rat in obesity group increased in number and grew in vol- ume. At the same time, the number of the adipocyteincreasing as the rat growing fatter. It made the liver moderate to severe adipose de- generation, cellular swelling and narrowed the diastema between the sinus hepaticus. As the fat increasing, the phlegmasia cells infiltra- tion and the number of apoptosis cells increased. As the continuing raise of blood glucose, adipocyte in the liver tissue of rat in diabetes group increased in number and grew in volume. Individual lipid droplets were formed at the beginning, and then big adipose capsule ap- peared. Phenomenon of karyopyknosis necrosis appeared. Apoptosis of liver cells increased. Oliver cells were infiltrated by inflammatory cells, but mainly achroacyte, macrophage. Vessel wall indurate and glassy degenerated. Conclusion： In the obesity/diabetes process, allo- topia storage occurred in rat liver （liver lipoid degeneration）, accompanied with phlegmasia cells infiltration.