纽曼博雅教育学说的历史渊源

The historical origin of Newman's idea of liberal education

纽曼的博雅教育学说继承了亚里士多德以来的教育思考,同时又有所突破,表现为继承与超越的二元辩证关系。纽曼对前人思想的继承和扬弃主要表现在:他继承了亚里士多德对"知识自为性"的论证,但同时强调理智美德的局限性;他继承了18世纪的绅士理想,但更加强调理智训练而非礼仪修养;他继承了源自洛克、兴盛于19世纪初期的心智训练学说,但指出了理智训练的局限性和宗教在教育当中的位置。

Henry Newman＇s idea of liberal education inherited the educational thoughts from Aristotle to his time, and broke through in a certain degree which was shown in dual dialectical relationship of inheritance and transcendency. He inherited and sublated predeces7 sors thought as follows： he accepted Aristotle＇s idea of “Knowledge as its own sake”, but emphasized the limit of intellectual virtue; he kept education of gentleman in eighteenth century, but attached more importance to intellectual training than manners and cultivation; he inherited the idea of intellectual training which origined from Locke and flourished in early nineteenth century, whereas he pointed out the limitions for intellectual training and the religion status in education .