不同植物酯酶对α-乙酸萘酯催化活性研究

Catalytic Activity of Esterases from Different Crops to α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid

为从不同作物中筛选出一种适于有机磷农药残留快速检测的酶源,研究不同作物种子、不同生长期、不同部位植物酯酶对底物α-乙酸萘酯催化作用的变化规律。结果表明:种子发芽及幼苗期后几种植物的酯酶活性总体呈现递减趋势,几种植物种子中的酯酶活性大小顺序依次为:小麦>大豆>玉米>水稻;龙麦26、豫麦39、麦976189种子酯酶活性较高;经过粉碎筛分后的龙麦26不同部位中,麸片酯酶活性最高。建议利用龙麦26麸片作为酶法快速检测有机磷农药的酶源。

In order to screen an esterase source for rapid determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues, the changes in catalytic activity of esterases from wheat, corn, soybean and rice to α-napthyl acetate were investigated during the development period from seed to seedling, and the catalytic activities of esterase from different parts of wheat seeds were compared. The results indicated that for all the four crops, the esterase activity presented general declining trend during the sprouting and seedling periods and the catalytic activities of esterase from seeds decreased in the following order： wheat, corn, rice and soybean. Seeds of wheat Longmai 26, Yumai 39 and Mai 976189 showed higher esterase activity than the others and the highest esterase activity was observed in the brans of wheat Longmal 26. The bran of wheat Longmai 26 is therefore, highly recommended as an esterase source for fast detection of phosphate pesticide residues.