全身磁共振弥散加权成像探测骨转移瘤的可行性及临床价值

Feasibility and Clinical Value of Whole Body Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Detection of Bone Metastases

目的通过与核素骨显像比较,探讨全身磁共振弥散加权成像(WB-DWI)探测骨转移瘤的可行性及临床价值。方法38例经病理证实的恶性肿瘤或肿瘤术后复发合并骨病变的患者,均于2周内分别行WB-DWI及核素骨显像。将骨骼系统分为13个区域观察:颅骨、胸骨、锁骨、颈椎、胸椎、腰椎、骶椎,肋骨、骨盆、肩胛骨、肱骨、股骨、胫腓骨。分别比较两者所显示的病灶数,并测量不同部位病变的表观弥散系数值。结果38例患者中,WB-DWI检测显示20例患者214处病灶,核素骨显像显示20例患者197处病灶,两种检查方法对34例患者的结果一致(P=0.488)。与骨显像比较,WB-DWI漏诊的病灶主要位于颅骨、胸椎、肱骨及胫腓骨,WB-DWI对发现颈椎、腰椎、骶椎、骨盆、肋骨及股骨的病变较骨显像敏感。不同部位骨转移瘤的表观弥散系数值差异无显著性(P=0.095)。此外,WB-DWI可以发现更多的骨外器官及淋巴结的病变。结论WB-DWI对于骨转移瘤具有较好的诊断价值,可以与核素骨显像相互补充,为临床提供更加全面的信息。

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical value of whole body diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging （WB-DWI） in detection of bone metastases. Methods Totally 38 patients with malignant tumors and suspected bone metastases were enrolled. All patients underwent WB-DWI and bone scintigraphy within 2 weeks. The skeletal system was divided into 13 regions： skull, sternum, clavicle, cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, sacrum, ribs, pelvic bone, scapula, humerus, femur, and tibia/fibula. Bone metastases were assessed for both modalities in a separate consensus reading and apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values were calculated. Results WB-DWI identified 214 pathological lesions in 20 patients, while bone scintigraphy demonstrated 197 lesions in 20 patients. Concordance between WB-DWI and bone scintigraphy occurred in 34 of 38 patients. There was no statistical difference between these two modalities （ P = 0. 488）. Compared with bone scintigraphy, the regions missed by WB-DWI were mainly located in skull, thoracic spine, humerus, and tibia/fibula. WB-DWI was more sensitive in the detection of metastases to the cervical spine, lumbar spine, sacrum, pelvis, ribs and femur. No statistical significance was found among the ADC values of bone metastases in different skeletal areas, and the mean ADC value was （0.75 ± 0. 10） × 10^-3mm^2/s. Furthermore, WB-DWI revealed more metastases to the lymph lodes and extraskeletal organs. Conclusion WB-DWI has high accordance with skeletal scintigraphy in detecting bone metastases, and the two modalities are complementary to each other.