广州地区ALT不合格献血者再次献血血液筛查结果分析

The Result Analysis on the Second Donations of ALT Deferred Donors

目的探讨ALT筛查在无偿献血血液安全中的作用。方法采用回顾性调查方法,追踪广州地区2007-2008年ALT单项检测首次不合格的献血者再次献血时的血液筛查结果,并进行比较分析。结果2007-2008年广州地区9122位ALT单项检测首次不合格的献血者中,1005人(11%)再次来献血,其中,五项传染病指标全部标合格者747人(74.3%),258人(25.7%)不合格,其中ALT单项仍为阳性者240人,为不合格总人数的93%,有18人(7%)献血者传染病指标转为不合格,其中ALT阴性而其他四项指标不合格者15人,ALT合并其他传染病指标不合格者3人。结论ALT筛查在一定程度上能够减少肝炎病毒窗口期或隐匿性感染的漏检,在其他更敏感和特异的检测方法引入我国血液筛查之前,ALT筛查对降低输血传染病残留风险仍具有不可忽视的作用。

Objective To evaluate the importance of ALT blood screening on the blood safety. Method The blood screening results of ALT deferred donors during 2007 to 2008 in Guangzhou were traced and analyzed. Result In all 9122 ALT deferred donors, 1005 （11%） re-donated during 2007 to 2008, in which 747（74.3%） were qualified with all 5 blood screening tests on infectious diseases, and 258 （25.7%） were unqualified again with one or two of the tests. Among these 258 donors, 240（93%） were only ALT unqualified, other 18 （7%） were unqualified with specific infectious disease tests, in which 15 were ALT qualified and 3 were ALT unqualified. Conclusion ALT test could reduce the risk of hepatitis due to the window-period and other hidden infectious disease due to screening failure. Before more sensitive and specific new methods were introduced into blood screening, ALT plays an unnegligible role in reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted diseases.