谁决定转移的最终命运,宿主因素还是肿瘤本身?

Who Will Determine the Fate of Metastasis,Host factors,or Tumor Cells Themselves?

在肿瘤转移过程中，谁是转移的最终决定者，这个问题争论了上百年，各种假说／模型不胜枚举。可以说都各有道理，但都不够全面，因此很难被大家一致认可。近年来，肿瘤侵袭转移研究在机制方面的最大突破就是认识到宿主微环境对肿瘤细胞侵袭转移的重要作用。正是肿瘤细胞与宿主的微环境的相互作用最终决定了转移灶能否形成及何时形成。对这种相互作用调节机制的揭示为我们寻找有效的干预方法及开发新的药物提供了机会。根据近年来的研究结果，目前普遍倾向于这样的观点：肿瘤转移是一个多步骤的序贯过程，在这个过程的每一个环节肿瘤细胞都需要与宿主微环境中的各种因素不断地进行各种相互作用，这种相互作用的结果决定肿瘤细胞的最后命运，即临床可见转移灶的形成。本文将围绕这个问题根据国际最新进展予以论述。

In the process of tumor metastasis, who is the final decider, tumor cells or host factors？ This issue has been argued for decades. There exist several models. Each theory sounds reasonable but not comprehensive, so it＇s hard to reach to an agreement of this question. Recently, understanding the importance of the host microenvironment on tumor invasion and metastasis has become the most outstanding breakthrough in this field. The interaction of tumor cells and the host microenvironment determines the final outcome of metastasis. The reveal of this interaction mechanism provide us an opportunity to find an effective interference and develop novel drugs. Only recently this viewpoint has been widely accepted： the formation of metastasis is a multi-step sequential process, and in this process, the tumor ceils continuously interact with the factors of the host microenvironment. The outcome of interaction decides the final result of the tumor cells--the formation of clinical metastasis. The author will discuss on this issue based on the most recent advances.