多边谈判中的农产品关税升级问题研究

Research on Tariff Escalation in Multilateral Agriculture Negotiation

关税升级问题是市场准入议题之一。本文在详细比较世贸组织各成员已有提案的基础上,针对关税升级的现状以及使用各种削减模式的削减效果,对世贸组织主要成员进行了测算分析。研究表明,农产品关税升级在世贸组织各成员中普遍存在;代表性关税升级产品清单包含了20%的农产品,这些产品贸易比重在不同成员间差异很大,介于22%-56%之间,关税升级涉及的范围和对各成员影响程度的差异不容轻视。根据模拟分析的结果,乌拉圭公式等以往的主要关税削减模式不能解决关税升级问题;针对关税升级的削减模式能够实现关税升级的有效削减。

Tariff escalation refers to a situation that the tariff of processed product is higher than that of the primary product. It forms the trade restriction of processed products. Tariff escalation is one of the market access issues in multilateral agriculture negotiations. There are two key points in resolving tariff escalation, one is the range of agriculture products, the other is an effective cut method. This paper compares the existed representative proposals, examines the tariff escalation in agricultural products in WTO major markets, and evaluates the cut effect of main WTO members by using various reducing modes. It is found that the tariff escalation in agriculture products is prevalent in most of the WTO members, and using tariff reducing cut mode could not effectively reduce the escalation, but tariff escalation reducing mode could solve tariff escalation.