试论上古汉语中的“谓+主”格式问题

On the ‘Predicate+Subject' Construction in Old Chinese

从《周易》、《诗经》、《山海经》等书所见"谓语+主语"格式看,上古汉语存在谓语在前、主语置后现象,不同于一般所谓"主谓倒装"句。《周易》"谓+主"格式的特点是以单音动词作谓语前置为主,《诗经》是以重叠式及连绵式形容词前置为主,《山海经》的特点则是单音形容词作谓语前置。

There was ‘Predicate+Subject' construction in Old Chinese.This construction is not like the so-called 'predicate and subject inversion' constructions.In zhouyi(周易),this construction is featured by the placement of monosyllable verbs as the predicate.In shijing(诗经),it is the adjectives,either in reduplicated or binding forms which was preposed.In shanhaijing(山海经),it is monosyllable adjectives that served as the predicates..