女性乳腺癌影响因素病例对照研究

Matched case-control study on risk factors of female breast cancer

目的探讨女性乳腺癌影响因素,为乳腺癌防治提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法,于2007年1～12月对黑龙江省哈尔滨市3家三级甲等医院经病理组织学确诊乳腺癌生存病例及同期入院的外伤患者进行调查,采用Logistic回归模型筛选乳腺癌危险因素。结果多因素分析结果表示,流产次数(OR=1.633,95%CI=1.232～4.152)、肿瘤家庭史(OR=3.328,95%CI=1.953～5.549)、体质指数(OR=1.779,95%CI=1.146～5.091)、精神刺激(OR=2.487,95%CI=1.753～4.436)、初潮年龄(OR=0.623,95%CI=0.312～0.884)、母乳喂养时间(OR=0.832,95%CI=0.421～0.998)、生育胎数(OR=0.635,95%CI=0.312～0.972)、水果食用频率(OR=0.532,95%CI=0.318～0.893)为乳腺癌的影响因素。结论流产次数多、有肿瘤家庭史、体质指数高、精神刺激是乳腺癌危险因素;初潮年龄晚、母乳喂养时间长、生育胎数多、水果蔬菜食用频率高对乳腺癌有保护作用。

Objective To explore the risk factor of female breast cancer for the prevention of the disease. Methods With matched case-control method, a survey was conducted among survival cases of histologically diagnosed breast cancer patients and control cases of inpatients of injury in three grade Ⅲ-class A hospitals from January to December,2007 in Harbin city,Heilongjiang province. The SAS was used to conduct logistic regression and single factor analysis on risk factors. Results Multiple factors analysis showed the relevant factors of breast cancer were abortion times（ OR = 1.63,95% CI = 1.23 - 4. 15 ）, family history of malignancy （ OR = 3. 33,95 % CI = 1.95 - 5. 55 ）, body mass index （ OR = 1.78,95 % C1 = 1.15 - 5. 09）, mental stimulations （ OR = 2. 49,95 % CI = 1.75 - 4. 44 ）, age at menarcbe （ OR = 0. 62,95 % CI = 0. 31 - 0. 88）, breast nursing time（ OR = 0. 83,95 % CI = 0. 42 - 1.00）, number of birth （ OR = 0. 64,95 % CI = 0. 31 -0. 97）, the frequency of fruits intake （ OR = 0. 53,95 % CI = 0. 32 - 0. 89 ）, the frequency of vegetable intake （ OR = 0. 35,95 % CI = 0. 14 -0. 74）. Conclusion Abortion times,family history of malignancy ,greater BMI,mental stimulations are the risk factors of breast cancer. Old age at menarche, breast nursing time, number of birth, the frequency of fruits and vegetable intakes are protective factors of breast cancer.