流浪儿童艾滋病知识水平及态度调查

HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitude among street children

目的了解流浪儿童对艾滋病相关知识的知晓水平,为今后在流浪儿童中开展预防艾滋病健康教育提供参考依据。方法对河南省郑州市295名流浪儿童进行问卷调查和定性访谈。结果在被调查的295名流浪儿童中,分别有68.1%,61.7%,74.6%的儿童知道艾滋病可以通过徒手接触感染者的伤口、不使用安全套与感染者发生性行为、母婴途径传播;分别有35.9%,44.7%,31.5%的儿童知道与感染者同桌进餐、与感染者拥抱、吃艾滋病病人做的饭菜不会传播艾滋病;分别有8.1%,7.1%的儿童知道不能通过加强体育锻炼、增强营养来预防艾滋病。结论相比同龄学校儿童,流浪儿童不仅知识知晓率偏低,预防意识淡薄,同时缺乏拒绝诱惑的能力,属于感染艾滋病的脆弱人群。

Objective To know the awareness rate of street children about HIV/AIDS knowledge and to provide basis for HIV/AIDS prevention education among street children. Methods Questionnaire survey and interview were conducted among 295 street children in Zhengzhou city. Results Among 295 street children,the knowledge rate for HIV transmission through touching wound of HIV infected person without protection, having sex with infected person without condom use, and infected mother to the infant was 58. 1%, 61.7%, and 74. 6%, respectively. The percentage of the children knew that the HIV could not be transmitted by having dinner with, hugging with, and eating meals prepared by HIV infected person was 35.9% ,44. 7% ,and 31.5,respectively. 8.1% of the children knew that HIV could not be prevented by physical excercise and only 7. 1% knew nutrition intake could not prevent HIV infection. Conclusion Compared with school children, street children know little about HIV/AIDS and lack skills to refuse temptation and have weak preventive consciousness. They are more vulnerable to HIV infection.