静脉输液终末输液器液面自动停止下降高度的影响因素及安全性研究

Study on the influencing factors and security of the liquid level of the terminal phase in the intravenous injection infusion apparatus

目的探讨静脉输液终末输液器液面自动停止下降高度的影响因素，并评价静脉输液终末拔针时机及安全性。方法随机抽取心功能正常、左心功能不全和右心功能不全病人各100例，观察每个病人平卧位、坐位、高低输液架、5．5号和7号头皮针液面自动停止下降高度和自动回血时间。结果（1）液面停止下降高度为15～70cm（33．42±12．69cm），自动回血时间5～40s（9．94±5．13s）；（2）心功能不全者液面停止下降高度显著高于心功能正常者，三组之间差异有极显著性意义（P〈0．01）；（3）坐位液面停止下降高度显著高于平卧位，差异有极显著性意义（P〈0．01）；（4）液面停止下降高度与输液架高度、头皮针粗细无关（P〉0．05）。结论液面停止下降高度受心功能和体位的影响，与输液架高度、输液针头粗细无关；静脉输液终末待液面自动停止下降时即拔针，对人体安全，并可增加药物的有效输入量。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the liquid level of the terminal phase in intravenous injection infusion apparatus, and to evaluate the time and safety of withdrawal needles after intravenous transfusion. Method 300 patients were randomly selected and divided equally into the normal heart function group, left ventricular dysfunction group and right ventricular dysfunction group. The different effects on liquid level of the terminal phase and blood returning time supine position, sitting position, infusion apparatus with different altitudes No. 5 and No. 8 scalp needle for every patient were observed and compared. Result （1） Liquid level ranged from 15 cm to 70 cm with an average of 33.42±12.69 cm. Automatic blood returning time was 5 to 40 seconds, with an average of 9.94±5.13 seconds. （2） The liquid level in patients with heart failure was significantly higher than that in patients with normal heart function （P〈0.01）. （3） The liquid level in sitting position was significantly higher than that of supine position （P〈0.01）. （4） The liquid level is independent of different infusion stand heights and different sizes of scalp needle （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Liquid level is affected by heart function and posture, and is not affected by different sizes of scalp needles and the height of infusion stand. Withdrawal of the needles at the terminal phase of intravenous injection, the liquid level will auto-stop decreasing. It is safe for intravenous injection and will increase effective injection.