社会功能变迁中的“白沙细乐”

Baishaxiyue and its Changes in Social Functions

"白沙细乐"是产生于元明之际并至今仍流传于云南丽江纳西族民间的一部古典音乐。纵观这部音乐的产生和发展,我们发现,这部音乐的社会功能经历了多次变化。最初"白沙细乐"是以民间歌舞的形式出现;后被丽江木氏土司府吸收为礼仪音乐;木氏土司衰败后又流入民间成为民间歌舞音乐;清初"改土归流"后又逐渐成为纳西族的丧礼音乐;改革开放后,这部音乐又被打造成为丽江的文化产品。"白沙细乐"社会功能的每一次变化或者说变迁,都与近现代纳西族整体社会文化发展变化密切相关。

Baishaxiyue, a classical Naxi music produced in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, is still popular with the Naxis in Lijiang of Yunnan Province, A comprehensive study of the emergence and development of this music reveals its several important changes in social functions. At first, Baishaxiyue emerged as a folk song and dance; later the Tusi chieftains of the Mu family accepted it and changed it into a ritual music; after the appointment of the Han officials by the central government in replacement of the local Tusi in the early Qing dynasty, Baishaxiyue became popular as a funeral music; since China＇ s reform and opening to the outside world, Baishaxiyu has been made into a key culture product of Lijiang. Every important change in its social functions in modern and contempo- rary times reveals its close relation with the whole society and culture of the Naxi nationality.