秦汉楚方言区文献中的鱼部与侯部

鱼 Radical and 侯 Radical in the Literature of the Chu-dialect Region in the Qin and Han Dynasties

以秦汉楚方言区文献中反映语音的资料为对象,考察鱼部与侯部之间的关系。认为古侯部一等字与鱼部合流是上古楚方音的特点。提出这种独特的现象在《诗经》语音里无法得到解释,只能推定其另有来源。战国时期随着楚国地位的不断上升,楚语的影响也在不断地扩展,到了秦汉时期,其它方言区也零星出现古侯部一等字与鱼部合流的现象,但楚方言区韵语中最为突出。

With the phonetic materials in the literature of the Chu - dialect region in the Qin and Han dynasties as the research data, the paper studies the relation between 鱼 radical and 侯 radical in Chinese and concludes that their combination reveals the trait of Old Chu - dialect that cannot be proved in the phonetic records in The Book of Songs. This study has the following conclusion： In the Period of the Warring States, because Chu State was gaining in power, the Chu dialect also began to exert more influence; in the period of the Qin and Han dynasties, though there were a few examples of the combination of 鱼 radical and 侯 radical found in other regions, it found full expression in the rhymed writing in the Chu -dialect region.