格鲁克的歌剧改革——诗歌和音乐在歌剧里的对立统一

Cluck's Opera Reformation——the unity and opposite of the poems and music in operas

在歌剧里,音乐和诗歌的关系是一种独立而又从属的关系,音乐必须表现歌剧里诗歌的意念,就好比颜色必须表现画的意念一般,格鲁克用音乐这种颜色来"画"诗歌的理论为歌剧的改革提供了指导思想。歌剧改革的背景,格鲁克和《奥菲欧与尤丽狄茜》,诗歌与音乐的关系,诗歌与音乐的关系批评和为格鲁克辩护是探讨诗歌和音乐在歌剧里的对立统一关系的五个方面。

In an opera, the relation between music and poem is independent and dependent. Music must express the impression of the poems in the opera, even as color must express the impression of the pictures. Cluck used the color--mu- sic to ＂paint＂ the theory in the poems, providing guiding ideology for the opera reformation. At the same time he was criticized severely. This article probes the relation of the unity and opposite of poems and music in an opera from five as- pects ： the background of the opera reformation ; Cluck and ＂Orfeo ed Euridice＂ ; the relation between poem and music ; the criticism of the relation between poem and music; defending Cluck.