河流锶元素及其同位素地球化学研究现状与问题

Research on Sr Isotope Geochemistry of Rivers——Status and Problems

文章系统阐述了近30年来河流锶元素及其同位素地球化学研究方面取得的进展、现状及目前存在的问题,这些问题主要包括:河流锶同位素比值对于源岩的解释问题、河流锶元素含量及其同位素组成的全球参比值问题、不同的端元输入对河流锶元素及其同位素组成的影响以及不同制约因素及研究方法对河流锶元素及其同位素组成的影响等问题。根据目前的研究资料,笔者指出在进行河流锶元素及其同位素地球化学研究过程中应当:(1)考虑矿物岩石在风化过程中锶元素的释放特征及其同位素演化规律;(2)结合同位素地球化学及雨水化学方法对大气及人类活动输入对河流锶元素及其同位素组成的贡献进行校正;(3)开展主要流域的研究工作,尤其是不同构造、地质及气候背景条件不同流域间的对比研究,建立河流锶元素及其同位素组成区域参比值;(4)在研究方法上,应该对区域内降雨、岩石、土壤、沉积物及地下水中的锶元素及其同位素地球化学特征进行系统分析,包括不同形态的锶元素及其同位素地球化学特征的研究。

This paper deals with the advancements and problems involved in the study of strontium isotope geochemistry of surface waters in recent 30 years. The problems include how to use the isotopic compositions to explain the source of rocks, the global average level of Sr concentration and its isotopic composition in river water, and how to evaluate different sources of Sr in river water and different controlling factors affecting the Sr concentration and its isotopic composition in river water. In view of these problems which play an important role in the study of Sr in the future, the paper gave some suggestions to solve these problems： （1） the characteristics of Sr release and evolution regulation should be taken into consideration;. （2） to combine isotope geochemistry method and rain water chemistry to emend the contribution of Sr from atmosphere input and anthropogenic activities input; （3） to carry out research on the main drainage area, especially compared research on different geological and climatic background areas; （4） the research objects should include rain water, rock, soil, sediment and ground water, as well as different forms of Sr in river water.