肝细胞癌电镜下细胞凋亡的自然状态观察

ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION ON APOPTOSIS IN UNTREATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA TISSUSES

目的了解肝细胞癌中肝细胞凋亡的形态特征。方法运用透射电镜观察了未经治疗的肝细胞癌及癌旁组织中细胞凋亡的典型、完整的形态学特征。结果凋亡现象出现于单个分散的癌及癌旁组织肝细胞。凋亡的肝细胞体积变小，胞质电子密度增高，细胞表面微绒毛消失，与邻近细胞接触松弛。最早的形态学改变为核染色质分离、浓集，界限清楚紧靠核膜，呈新月形或帽状。线粒体结构尚完好，内质网空泡化，糖原颗粒聚集。继而凋亡细胞以出芽方式形成完整的膜包裹的凋亡小体。已凋亡脱落的凋亡小体被邻近细胞分别吞噬。同时还观察到凋亡小体边形成边被吞噬的现象。结论凋亡小体形成与被吞噬可以是一连续过程。癌旁组织中肝细胞凋亡比癌组织中更常见。

URPOSE To study the morphological features of apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS Apoptosis in untreated HCC and their surrounding tissues was observed under the transmission electron microscope.RESULTS Apoptosis affected scattered single tumor and precarcinomatous cells.The cell undergoing apoptosis decreased in size,increased its cytoplasm density,lost specialized cell surface elements such as microvilli and cellcell junctions.The earliest recognized morphological changes are the condensation and segregation of the nuclear chromatin.Later it involves budding of the cell,with the formation of membraneenclosed apoptotic bodies containing intact organelles.They are rapidly phagocytized and digested by neighboring cells.We also observed that as apoptotic cell a formed apoptotic body,it was phagocytized by neighboring cells meanwhileCONCLUSION This observation indicated that apoptosis may spontaneously occur in untreated HCC and pericarcinomatous tissues and it may be easier observed in pericarcinomatous tissues than in HCC. Apoptosis in HCC may play a role in tumor progression to delay its development.