婴幼儿静脉留置针两种封管液的封管效果观察

Sealing effect of heparin and 0.9% saline on intravenous indwelling catheter system in infants and young children

目的:比较婴幼儿静脉留置针使用中2种不同封管液封管的效果。方法:160例住院婴幼儿随机分为两组,实验组在输液完毕后用5U/mL的肝素钠盐水封管,对照组用0.9%生理盐水封管,比较两组留置针的平均留置时间及堵管、液体外渗、静脉炎、皮疹的发生率。结果:实验组留置针平均留置时间[(3.64±1.68)d]时间明显长于对照组[(3.01±1.42)d],差异有统计学意义(t=2.54,P<0.05);实验组堵管率明显(4.89%)低于对照组(16.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组液体外渗、静脉炎、皮疹的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在婴幼儿静脉留置针的应用中,用5U/mL的肝素钠盐水封管配制方法简单,安全系数高,能延长留置针的留置时间,效果优于生理盐水封管,值得在临床推广应用。

Objective： To investigate the sealing effect of sealing liquids of heparin and 0.9% saline on intravenous indwelling catheter system in infants and young children. Methods： One hundred and sixty hospitalized patients of infants and young children were divided randomly into two groups （ group A and B）, each group had 80 patients; all patients underwent therapy by intravenous infusion and with intravenous indwelling catheter system, and the intravenous indwelling catheter system was sealed after infusion using heparin 5U/mL and 0.9% saline for patients of in group A and B respectively. Average retention time of indwelling catheter system, incidences of catheter blockage, liquid leakage, phlebitis and skin rash were observed and compared. Results： Average retention times of indwelling catheter system in group A and B were [（3.64 ± 1.68） d] and [ （3.01 ± 1.42） d ] respectively, and there was significant difference between them （ t = 2.54, P〈0.05 ） ; the incidence of catheter blockage in group A was 4.89%, which was lower significantly than that in group B （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; of the incidences of liquid leakage, phlebitis and skin rash, there were no significant differences between the two groups（ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： The sealing effect of heparin is better than that of 0.9% saline for intravenous indwell-ing catheter system in infants and young children, with advantages of higher safety and enabling longer patency of the indwelling catheter system.