延边大学护理学院大学生心理卫生状况调研

Mental health survey in nursing college students of Yanbian University

目的:探讨延边大学护理学院不同年级、不同学历在校大学生心理卫生状况的差异及其影响因素,为当代大学生的心理卫生状况研究提供参考。方法:采用精神症状自评量表(SCL-90)对延边大学护理学院1033名在校大学生的心理卫生状况进行测评,对不同年级(一、二、三、四年级)、不同学历(高职、专科、本科)大学生各因子得分进行比较,与全国常模进行比较,并分析不同年级大学生SCL-90心理问题者所占比例。结果:各因子平均总分二、四年级明显高于一年级(P<0.05～0.01),二年级明显高于其他3个年级(P<0.05～0.01);本科生各因子得分最高,其中人际敏感、精神病性得分明显高于高职(P<0.05);我校本、专科生各因子得分明显低于北京市大学生和全国大学生,中专生各因子得分均明显低于中学生综合样本(P<0.05～0.01);二年级学生≥2分的阳性项目数比例较高。结论:一年级大学生心理卫生状况较好,二年级心理卫生状况不容乐观,三、四年级心理卫生状况趋于稳定;高职生和专科生心理卫生状况较好;与全国大学生相比,我校护理学院本、专科及中专生的心理卫生状况较为理想。

Objective： To survey the variances and related factors of mental health states of college students from diverse background and grades in Nursing College of Yanbian University, and display a college students＇mental health reference for further study. Methods： Psychiatric symptom symptom checklist （SCL-90） was used to question 1033 students in Nursing College of Yanbian University. The questionnaire results from differ- ent grades and educational background were compared and analyzed, furthermore, the psycho-problem ratios were analyzed by referring to national norm. Results： The average scores of each factor in grade 2 and grade 4 were much higher than that in grade 1 （P 〈0.05-0.01 ）, and marked higher in grade 2 than that in other 3 grades（P 〈 0.05-0. 01 ）. Undergraduate students had highest scores, interpersonal sensitivity and psychotic scores were markedly higher in undergraduate students than that in professional students（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Each factor scores of professional students were significantly lower than that of Beijing students and national average, and these scores in professional students obviously lower than that of comprehensive samples in middle school（ P 〈 0.05-0.01 ）. The proportion of positive items ≥2 scores in grade 2 was higher. Conclusion ： The mental health state in grade 1 is better, and that is not as optimistic as we expected in grade 2, and that state is tended to stabilization in grade 3 and 4. High vocational students and professional students have a good mental health state. But compared to national students, our college students, including undergraduate students and professional students and nursing student in Nursing College, have a better mental health state.