固定矫治对错殆患者口腔健康相关生活质量的影响

目的探讨固定矫治对错骀患者口腔健康相关生活质量的影响，以期为临床提供参考。方法使用121腔健康影响程度量表，选择2006年9月-2007年9月于中山大学光华口腔医学院正畸科行固定矫治的错袷畸形患者进行生活质量调查，调查时间为矫治前和矫治1、4、12、24周，根据人口统计学资料（性别、年龄、学历）及正畸临床资料（安氏错骀分类、骨面型分类、牙列拥挤程度、拔牙与否）分组，分析患者生活质量随矫治而发生的变化。结果共发放问卷1250份，回收问卷1110份，问卷回收率为88．8％；其中有效问卷1110份，即完整回收222例患者5个时间点的问卷。矫治开始后4周内固定矫治对患者的负面影响明显，集中于生理疼痛[55／222（27．8％）]、心理不适[40／222（18．0％）]。矫治前和矫治1、4、12、24周量表总分分别为3、10、7、5、4分，矫治前与矫治24周时、矫治4周与12周时量表总分的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），其他任何两个时间点量表总分的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。不同性别和临床情况组间量表总分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），不同年龄（成年组各时间点分别为9、13、8、4、3分，青少年组各时间点分别为6、9、5、3、4分）和学历组（高学历组各时间点分别为9、12、8、3、3分，低学历组各时间点分别为6、9、5、3、4分）量表总分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论固定矫治可影响患者口腔健康相关生活质量。矫治1周时患者生活质量最差，而后逐步回升，至矫治24周时患者生活质量基本与矫治前无差别。

Objective To assess oral health-related quality of life in patients with fixed appliances. Methods Orthodontic patients were asked to complete the scale of general conditions （Chinese version, questionnaire 1） and oral health impact profile（ OHIP）-14 （Chinese version, questionnaire 2）. Baseline data were collected at first visit and thereafter. The subjects finished questionnaire 2 at the 1st week, 4th week, 12th week and 24th week, respectively, after the fixed appliance was bonded. Data were analyzed to evaluate the various sample groups with different personal information and clinical parameters. Results were collated and analyzed using software package SPSS version 15.0. Results The most common negative effect was physical pain [ 55/222 （27. 8 % ） ] and psychological discomfort[ 40/222 （18.0%） ], mainly in the first month. The total scores at five time points were 3, 10, 7, 5 and 4, respectively. No difference was found in quality of life in patients between sixth month with fixed appliance and without appliance （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Age and education status affected the quality of life （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusions Fixed orthodontic appliance therapy affected patients＇ oral health-related quality of life during treatment. The quality of life in the first month of treatment was mostly compromised and was improved later.