退伍军人社会适应状况及其影响因素的初步探索

Preliminary Exploration of Social Adjustment State of Veterans and Its Influence Factors

目的初步探讨对我国退伍军人的社会适应状况造成影响的心理因素和外在因素。方法采用新编退伍军人社会适应状况及其影响因素调查问卷对1048名男性退伍军人进行了调查。结果(1)非农村户口的退伍军人社会适应状况优于农村户口的(r=0.23);(2)退伍军人的受教育程度与其社会适应状况呈正相关(r=0.14);(3)有主动意愿参军的退伍军人社会适应状况优于被动参军的(r=0.34);(4)退伍军人的社会适应状况与其父母教养方式的父因子Ⅱ(r=0.37)、父因子Ⅳ(r=0.15)、父因子Ⅴ(r=0.35)、母因子Ⅱ(r=0.25)、母因子Ⅲ(r=0.34)、母因子Ⅳ(r=0.31)、母因子Ⅴ(r=0.19)呈显著正相关;(5)退伍军人的社会适应状况与其稳定性呈正相关(r=0.17)。结论本研究表明退伍军人的人格特点、受教育程度、户口类别和参军意愿可能会影响他们退伍后的社会适应能力和适应状况。

Objective To preliminary explore the social adjustment state of veterans and its influence factors in China. Methods Totally 1,048 male veterans were investigated with the questionnaire devised by the authors to access their social adjustment state and identify its influence factors which included the psychological factors and the outside factors. Resuits Findings indicated that adaptive condition of veterans from cities was significantly better than that of veterans from countryside （r = 0.23）. There was a positive correlation between the veterans＇ educational level and their social adjustment state （r= 0.14）. Adaptive condition of veterans who joined up actively was significantly better than that of veterans who joined up passively （r= 0.34）. Veterans＇ social adjustment state had a significantly positive correlation with father factors Ⅱ （r = 0.37）, Ⅳ（r=0.15）,Ⅴ（r=0.35） and mother factorsⅡ（r=0.25）, Ⅲ（r=0.34）, Ⅳ（r=0.31）, Ⅴ（r=0.19）. Veterans＇ social adjustment state was positively associated with their emotional stability （r= 0.07）. Conclusions Findings of the present study suggest that the veterans＇ personality traits, educational level, coming from countryside or cities and joining up actively or passively may affect their adaptive abilities and social adjustment state.