长沙市中学生不明原因晕厥发病率调查

Investigation on Unexplained Syncope in Middle School Students of Changsha

目的了解长沙市中学生不明原因晕厥(UPS)的发病情况,研究其相关危险因素。方法对长沙市3所全日制中学随机发放问卷2315份,收集11～18岁中学生的有效问卷2113份,问卷回收率89.12%。结果2113例中学生中发生过一次以上不明原因晕厥者610例(28.9%);年龄11～18岁(平均14.11±2.03岁);以女生居多,性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);晕厥诱因主要为持久站立(56.2%)、其次是闷热环境(27.7%)与运动(17.0%),晕厥先兆以头晕为主(66.9%)、其次是眩晕(40.5%)与视物模糊(36.1%)。结论长沙市中学生UPS发病率为28.9%,女生高于男生。晕厥诱因与晕厥先兆中部分因素存在性别差异。

Objective To know the incidence of unexplained syncope （UPS） in middle school student of Changsha, and to study the relevant risk factors. Methods Totally 2,31.5 questionnaires were randomly sent out in three middle schools of Changsha City, and 2,113 valid ones were retrieved from middle school students aged between 11 and 18 years, with the questionnaire retrieved rate of 89.12%. Results Totally 28.9% （610/2,113） of children aged between 11 and 18 years, with the average age of 14.11 ± 2.03 years, suffered from unexplained syncope more than once. The incidence rate of UPS in female was significantly higher than that in mate, and the gender difference was statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. UPS was mainly induced by prolonged standing （56.2 % ）, muggy environment （27.7 % ）, and exercise （ 17.0 % ）. Common prodromes were dizziness （66.9 % ）, vertigo （40.5 % ）, and blurred vision （36.1% ）. Conclusions The incidence rate of UPS in middle school students of Changsha is 28.9%. The incidence rate of UPS in girls is significantly higher than that in boys. There is a gender difference in syncope inducement and some predisposing factors of syncope prodromes.