精神专科医院医护人员职业紧张与精神健康研究

Study on Job Stress and Mental Health Among Medical Professionals in a Mental Health Center

目的调查精神专科医护人员的工作状况,及由此引起的相关的精神健康问题并提出可能的对策。方法通过对云南省昆明市一所精神卫生中心114名医护人员以"工作内容量表(job content questionnaire,JCQ)"评估工作场所的各种与职业紧张有关的因素,以"一般精神健康量表(general health questionnaire,GHQ)评估精神健康状况,以A型行为量表测定A型行为倾向。收回问卷后进行相关分析、卡方检验、t检验以及Logistic回归分析。结果共有31名医护人员表现为精神困扰,占被调查总人数的26.32%,35名受试者为A型行为倾向(30.7%)。A型行为得分与精神困扰呈正相关。被动型与紧张型工作环境的精神困扰率明显高于对照组。结论缓解职业紧张可从机构与员工两方面进行。

Objective To identify the psychosocial characteristics in the medical professionals of a mental health center, to examine the relationship between perceived job stress and mental health, and to put forward some advices on mental health promotion according to this study＇ s results. Methods A cross- sectional study was conducted. Questionnaire surveys including a 12 - item General Health Questionnaire （GHQ）, a Job Content Questionnaire （JCQ） and Type A Behavior Questionnaire （TABQ） were carried out in 114 medical professionals of a mental health cehter in Kunming City of Yunnan Province. We considered subject who developed unhealthy mental health state （GHQ score≥4） as a hazardous case. To control potential confounding factors, logistic regression analysis was done. Results The overall proportion hazardous cases de- tected in the study was 26.32 %. There were 30. 7 % of the cases Showing type A behavior pattern. The score of type A behavior pattern was positively correlated with mental disturbance. Mental health professionals with strain and passive job situations had a greater hazard than those with low - strain job situation. Conclusion Relieving occupational stress can be made from the following two aspects, medical institutions and medical professionals.