四川省基层接种点安全注射现状调查结果分析

Analysis on Current Status of Safe Injection of Grass-roots Inoculating Units in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省基层接种点预防接种安全注射现状以及接种人员和儿童家长对安全注射的认知水平,探讨控制不安全注射行为的策略。方法用分层多阶段随机抽样方法抽取四川省150个抽样单位,采取现场调查和问卷的形式对150个基层接种点、310名接种人员、305名儿童家长进行调查,数据用Excel软件进行统计分析。结果目前四川省基层接种点开展预防接种时全部使用一次性或自毁型注射器,比1999年一次性注射器的使用比例(45.60%)大幅度提高。作为医用垃圾统一运走和焚烧后深埋是四川省目前一次性及自毁型注射器使用后处理的主要方式(79.33%)。基层接种人员对安全注射知识的认知水平较低,不合格率接近50%,尤以农村地区突出。儿童家长对安全注射的认知水平较好。结论应采取加强基层接种点注射器使用后的处理回收、强化基层接种人员的安全注射意识和职业道德、加强督导检查以及开展广泛宣传等多项干预措施,提高四川省安全注射水平。

Objective To know the current status of safe injection in immunization service of different inoculating units in Sichuan Province and the knowledge level concerning with safe injection of injection workers and ch＇ldren s parents, and to discuss the strategy of controlling unsafe injection. Methods By multi- level random sampling 150 inoculating units in Sichuan Province, 150 grass- roots inoculating units, 310 staff members and 350 parents were investigated by field researches and questionnaires, and the result data were statistically analyzed by Excel. Results Currently, all of grass - roots inoculating units in Sichuan Province use disposable injectors and self- destruction injectors to conduct preventive vaccination, which has highly increased as to the using percentage （4.5.60 % ） of disposable injectors in 1999. It has become the dominant way （dominated 79.33 % ） in dealing with used disposable and self- destruction injectors in Sichuan Province to transport medical rubbish together and bury it after burning. Grass- roots injection workers lacked knowledge concerning with safe injection, the unqualified rate of whom was nearly 50 %, especially in rural areas. Parents knew better about safe injection. Conclusions To improve the level of safe injection in Sichuan Province, we should take measures to interfere with the enhancement of dealing with and recycling used injectors in grass - roots units, safe injection sense and career virtues among basic injection medical staff, supervision and check work as well as wide propaganda.