绵阳市43所学校食堂及小卖部卫生监测结果分析

Result Analysis on Sanitation Surveillance of 43 Schools' Canteens and Small Stores in Mianyang City

目的调查绵阳市学校近三年来食品及餐饮具的卫生状况,防止学校突发公共卫生事件的发生。方法对绵阳市近三年来43所大学、中专、中学的食品及餐饮具进行抽样、检测,每年监测抽检2次,并对监测结果作评价与分析统计。结果三年来,各年间学校食品及餐、饮具卫生监测合格率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.81,P>0.05),但是学校自制食品卫生监测合格率(86.63%)与学校小卖部销售的食品卫生监测合格率(78.18%)相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.92,P<0.05),学校自己管理的食堂餐、饮具卫生监测合格率(93.78%)与学校承包出去的食堂餐、饮具的卫生监测合格率(85.45%)相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=211.89,P<0.05)。结论由于学校部分领导对卫生法律、法规认识不足,缺乏有效监管措施,从业人员卫生知识差,从而使承包者所经营的食堂或小卖部的食品及餐饮具卫生合格率较低。

Objective To investigate the sanitation conditions of food and cooker from schools of Mianyang in the last three years, and to prevent emergent public health event in schools. Methods The food and tableware of 43 universities, polytechnic schools, and middleschools in the last three years were sampled and detected twice every year, and the detection results were evaluated and statistically analyzed. Results The difference in the qualified rates of food and tableware of the three years was not statistically significant （χ^2 = 0.81, P〉0.05）, but the qualified rate of food which made by schools （86.63 % ） was higher than that of the small stores in schools （78.18 % ）, and the difference was statistically significant （χ^2 = 6.92, P〈0.05）. The qualified rate of food and tableware in the canteens which managed by schools （93.78 % ） was also higher than that of the canteens which rented by shopkeepers （85.45 % ）, and the difference was statistically significant （χ^2= 211.89, P〈0.05）. Conclusions The qualified rates of food and tableware in the small stores and canteens which rent by shopkeepers are low because the schools＇ leaders lack of the knowledge about sanitation laws and regulations, schools lack of effective supervision measures and the employees lack of hygienic knowledge.