阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与脑白质改变的关系研究

Correlation Between OSAS and White Matter Damage

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)与脑白质改变的关系,为脑认知功能损害的早期防治提供依据。方法选择OSAS患者51例,依据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea-hypopnea index,AHI)分成轻度、中度、重度三组,行头颅MRI检查,同时选取19例非OSAS作为对照组(n=19),均进行头颅MRI检查。观察OSAS各组脑白质改变的头颅MRI表现。结果51例OSAS组中,头颅MRI显示47例脑白质改变,轻度组4例(7.8%)、中度组19例(37.2%)、重度组24例(47.1%);对照组仅3例患者可见大脑半球白质内异常信号,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论OSAS可以影响脑白质改变的发生发展。二者都是卒中的危险因素又相互影响,因此干预OSAS可能减轻脑白质改变,进而减少认知功能障碍的发生。

Objective To investigate the relationship between OSAS and white matter danger, and the forming mechanics, to provide the evidence for prevention of mild cognitive impairment. Methods Fifty- one patients with OSAS were assigned into the groups of mild, medium, and severe according to their apnea- hypopnea indexes, and 19 individuals without OSAS served as controls. All the patients and controls were conducted MRI examination to observe the changes of white matter damage on the MRI. Results Among the 51 patients, there were 47 patients who had the white matter damages, including 4 patients of mild group, 19 patients of medium group, and 24 patients of severe group. 3 individuals of control group had abnormal white matter, and the difference was statistically significant between the OSAS group and control group （ P〈 0.05）. Conclusions OSAS may influence the development of white matter damages. Both of them are the risk factors of infarction and also influence each other. Therefore, treatment of OSAS may relieve the white matter changes and further relieve the happening of cognitive impairment.