大湄公河次区域经济合作框架下二十年投资及其地域分异研究

Analysis on ADB Investment and its Geospatial Differences in Great Mekong Subregion from 1992-2011

在亚洲开发银行大湄公河次区域经济合作框架下,由中国(云南和广西)、老挝、泰国、缅甸、柬埔塞和越南六国参加、亚洲开发银行、欧盟开发银行、联合国亚太经社委员会以及日本、美国等几十个国家和组织参与建立了次区域经济合作机制。自1992-2011年的20年间,总投资达到140.56亿美元。在交通、能源、经济走廊、旅游、通讯、公共卫生和人力资源、环境和贸易设施等领域启动了81个建设项目。通过这些项目的实施,以中国云南昆明-老挝南塔-泰国曼谷线、中国云南昆明-广西南宁-越南河内线和中国云南昆明-越南海防线构成的大湄公河次区域南北交通走廊并以此为基础的经济走廊的地域格局开始形成;在沟通越南岘港—老挝中部—泰国东北部—缅甸毛淡棉的东西交通走廊建设成果,成为大湄公河次区域在东西经济走廊地域格局形成的重要基础设施;在泰国曼谷—柬埔寨金边—越南胡志明市—头顿市和泰国曼谷—柬埔寨暹粒—越南归仁的沟通泰国、柬埔寨和越南的2条交通走廊构成了大湄公河次区域南部经济走廊形成的基础设施根基。大湄公河次区域经济合作机制和已经构建的南北、东西和南部交通走廊促进了该区域六国在跨境运输、国际通信、服务贸易的进一步增长,从而促进了该地域经济走廊地域格局的形成。文章提出了中国在交通走廊建设基础上,进一步开发与次区域六国和利益相关国家建设该地域政策协调机制,并与日本等贸易和投资大国共同促进从交通走廊的地域布局向物流走廊和经济走廊地域功能转化的区域发展。

Great Mekong Subregion （GMS） Cooperation was established in 1992 with the support of Asian Development Bank （ADB）, more than thirty international organizations and countries join the co-sponsored team. 81 priority projects was funded by ADB from 1992-2011. The estimated total investment for these projects within the 20 years is USD 14,056 Millions. Transportation, energy, economic corridors, communication, tourism, agriculture, environment, public health, capacity building, trade facilities are major fields of the joint activities. Three economic corridors are confirmed to be the common goals which will be established based on the traffic corridors; they are North-South Corridor, East-West Corridor and the Southern Corridor. The role of each of these corridors for the regional development is described at this paper. The new challenge from traffic corridor to policy integration and coherence corridor will be one of making a successful economic corridor.