元江自然保护区土壤与保护

Soils and Their Conservation in Yuanjiang Nature Reserve

元江自然保护区境内土壤垂直分布明显,主要有黄棕壤、红壤、赤红壤、燥红土和石灰土5个土类。元江自然保护区土壤质地较轻,酸性反应。土壤全量养分以黄棕壤为最高,燥红土最低,其余土类介于二者之间。土壤的速效养分,以水解性N、速效K量较高,而土壤速效P普遍偏低。本区属干热河谷区,生境脆弱,应加强保护区的科学管理,开发利用应十分谨慎。

The researches show that the soil distribution in perpendicularity is obvious in Yuanjiang Nature Reserve. The primary soil categories include： yellow-brown soil, red soil, lateritic red soil, dry red soil and limy soil. Soils in the reserve are of light textures and acid reaction. Total nutrient of the yellow-brown soil is the most abundant and red-dry soil is the opposite, and the rest soils rank between them. As for effective nutrient of the soils, hydrolytic nitrogen and effective potassium are the highest in content, but the effective phosphorus capacity is the least. The nature reserve belongs to dry-hot valley climate area with fragile ecological environment. The scientific management of the nature reserve must be enhanced and exploitation should be very prudent.