健康教育对哮喘患儿自我护理能力的影响

Effect of Health Education on Self-nursing Ability in Children with Asthma

目的探讨健康教育对哮喘患儿自我护理能力的影响。方法将180例轻、中度哮喘患儿随机分为观察组和对照组各90例。对照组接受常规治疗和护理,而观察组接受规范化治疗和为期1年的系统健康教育、规律性随诊和随访。比较两组患儿1年后自我护理情况和哮喘发病情况及误学天数。结果观察组患儿在正确使用MDI、正确使用峰流速仪、注意预防诱发因素、急性发作的应急措施、何时到医院就诊、记录哮喘日记和门诊定期复诊等自我护理能力方面明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)(χ2=24.923,39.278,16.956,69.689,27.307,17.884,75.351)。干预后,观察组患儿的哮喘发作次数、急诊次数和误学天数明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义,均P<0.01(t=5.600,6.464,6.404)。结论健康教育能提高哮喘患儿自我护理能力和生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of health education on self-nursing ability in children with asthma. Methods A total of 1813 mild- and moderate-asthma infants were randomly divided into the observation and control group, 90 cases each. The control group was treated with routine therapy and nursing,while the observation group received the regular treatment and systematic health education,periodical revisit and follow-up for 1 year. The conditions of the self-nursing, asthma incidence and day of absence from school were compared. Results Th, self-nursing ability of the observation group was superior that of the control group,with significant differences,all P 〈0.01. Afte intervention,the freqences of asthma onset, emergency and absence from school were markedly less in the observation group than in the control group, all P 〈 0.01 （t = 5.600,6.464,6.404 ）. Conclusion Health education can raise the self-nursing ability, thus elevating their quality of life.