贸易保护主义抬头的原因、后果及我国的应对措施

On the Trade Protectionism and the Countermeasure of China

贸易保护主义抬头和"去全球化"思潮泛起的根本原因在于全球经济增长的放缓,而金融危机的出现更是引起了人们对全球化和自由贸易的反思。但是由于经济发展阶段不同以及资本密集程度的差别,在经济衰退时期,以美国为代表的发达国家采取贸易保护主义对其自身经济所带来的负面影响,实际上比发展中国家还要大。本文分析了贸易保护主义抬头的原因,并分析了资本密集程度不同的经济在经济衰退和贸易保护主义的背景下经济增长所可能受到的影响。并且指出,中国属于正处于加速工业化进程中的发展中国家,劳动密集程度相对较高,在全球经济衰退时期转型成本相对较低,中国不会采取贸易保护主义,但对于发达国家的贸易保护主义要引起足够的重视,并通过扶持外向型经济的发展以及扩大内需等措施来实现平稳较快的经济增长。

The fundamental reason of current trade protectionism and de-globalization is the slowdown of the global economic growth. Financial crisis made people reconsider whether the globalization and free trade are necessary. However, negative effects in economic growth actually will be bigger in developed economies with USA as a representative although both developments of developed and developing economies are damaged under trade protectionism because they are in different industrialization phases and have different capital and labor intensities. The paper analyses why trade protectionism redeveloped in the rest of the world and investigates the affects in different economies with different capital intensities under protectionism as economic recessions happen. The paper indicates also that China is an industrializing developing country with relative higher labor intensity so its transferring costs in global recession period will be lower and China should not take protectionism. China should pay more attention to the trade protectionism to be taken in the developed economies and maintains its stable and rapid economic growth through supporting export oriented economy and expanding domestic demands.