日语“本人”和汉语“本人”的对比研究

A Comparative Study of Japanese Honnin and Chinese Benren

日语"本人"和汉语"本人"在单用式的特指用法中存在不少差异,其中尤以有无第一人称代词用法最为明显。这些差异来自二者不同的语义特征。日语"本人"偏重于"当事人"义,呈现出第三人称代词的特点,而汉语"本人"则偏重于"自身"义,呈现出反身代词的特点。另外,汉语"本人"没有脱离"本～"系列词语的框架,而日语"本人"却呈现出与"本～"系列词语迥然不同的语义特征。

Used independently and for specific reference, Japanese honnin and Chinese benren are different in many ways, with the first-person pronoun usage being the most significant. Their semantic features could account for their differences. Japanese honnin inclines toward the meaning of the person concerned and therefore exhibits the properties of the third-person pronoun, while Chinese benren leans on the meaning of ＂self＂ and therefore exhibits the properties of the reflexive pronoun. Moreover, the usage of Chinese benren has not deviated from those of the ben-series words, but Japanese honnin has acquired entirely different semantic features from those of hon-series words.