云南省红河州石漠化治理树种叶的结构研究

Study on leaf structure of tree species for control of rocky desertification in Honghe Prefecture of Yunnan

通过石蜡切片和显微测量,研究了云南省红河州石漠化治理树种属内种间叶的结构及抗旱性的差异。结果表明:松属有2个指标存在差异,即表皮厚(马尾松≈加勒比松>细叶云南松)和下皮厚(加勒比松>细叶云南松>马尾松);柏木属有2个指标存在差异,即总厚度和上表皮厚(均为墨西哥柏>冲天柏);桉属有4个指标存在差异,即上角质层厚、下角质层厚、栅栏组织厚(均为赤桉>直干桉)和海绵组织厚(赤桉<直干桉);金合欢属有6个指标存在差异,即总厚度、上表皮厚、下表皮厚、腹侧栅栏组织厚、背侧栅栏组织厚和贮水组织厚(均为肯氏相思>大叶相思)。因此,如果仅从叶的结构来比较抗旱性,则松属中加勒比松>马尾松>细叶云南松;柏木属中墨西哥柏>冲天柏;桉属中赤桉>直干桉;金合欢属中肯氏相思>大叶相思。

By paraaffin slices and mierometry,the differences of leaf structure and drought resistance between tree species in the same genus for control of rocky desertification in Honghe, Yunnan, were studied. The results showed that Pinus displayed its differences by two indexes, i. e. , the thicknesses of epidermis （ P. massoniana ≈ P. caribaea 〉 P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia） and hypodermis （ P. caribaea 〉 P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia 〉 P. massoniana） ;Cupressus by two indexes, i. e. , the total thickness and the thickness of upper epidermis（both were C. lusitanica 〉 C. duclouxiana） ;Eucalyptus by four indexes,i, e. ,the thicknesses of upper cuticle,lower cuticle, palisade tissue （all were E. camaldulensis 〉 E. maideni ）, and spongy tissue （E. camaldulensis 〈 E. maideni ） ;Acacia by six indexes, i. e. , the total thickness, the thicknesses of upper epidermis,lower epidermis, adaxial palisade tissue, abaxial palisade tissue, and aqueous tissue （all were A. cunighamia 〉 A. anriculiformis）. Consequently, ff the drought resistance is compared only according to the leaf structure, P. caribaea 〉 P. massoniana 〉 P. yunnanensis vat. tenuifolia in Pinus, C. lusltanica 〉 C. duclouxiana in Cupressus, E. camalduleusis 〉 E. maideni in Eucalyptus, and A. eunighamia 〉 A. anriculiformis in Acacia.