埃莉诺·奥斯特罗姆自主治理理论述评

A Review on Elinor Ostrom's Theory of Self-governance

奥斯特罗姆的自主治理理论产生于深刻的理论分析与丰富的实证分析。主要内容包括:影响个人策略选择的4个内部变量;自主治理的具体原则;自主组织的制度设计。自主治理理论的理论价值在于其发展了走出集体行动困境的理论架构,实现了人性利己与利他的结合,拓展了传统制度理论的制度视野。实践价值是有利于解决公共资源治理的困境,有利于提供公共物品的供给,有利于民主政治的发展。此外自主治理理论也存在一定的局限性,主要是其适用对象的有限性,适用政治体制的有限性和适用自治组织的有限性。

The self-governance theory by Elinor Ostrom is based on profound theoretical analysis and extensive empirical analysis. The main contents include： four internal variables which influence the choice of individual strategies; specific principles of self-governance; the system designation of selforganization. The theoretical values of self-governance theory lie in the development of the theoretical framework which goes out of the plight of collective action, in the realization of combination of altruism and egoism and in the expansion of the perspective of traditional system theory. The practical values are as follows： it will help to resolve the plight of public resource management; to supply the public goods; to develop the democratic politics. In addition, the theory of self-governance also has some limitations. They are the limitation of the applicable objects, the applicable political systems and the applicable autonomous organizations.