从信息传播模式论翻译

Translation Viewed from Information Communication Models

本文采用香农-韦弗的线性传播模式与德弗勒的双向互动传播模式直观形象地阐释微观静态的语言翻译观与宏观动态的文化翻译观,重点分析了作为人内传播的"主我"与"客我"的信息交流和人际传播中的读者反馈,旨在说明翻译是一种传播活动。翻译理论与实践研究的唯一出路和突破口应落在一个"传"字上,传原作之精要,传读者之需要;传原文作者之气息和所述之信息,传译者之会心与创新。在翻译的坐标系中,译者应该重新定位,从静态的"译"转向动态的"传",从微观的语言观转向宏观的文化观,从单向的线性传播转向双向的循环互动,以确保翻译传播渠道的真正畅通、信息的有效流通和传、受双方的互动,达到翻译的目的。

The present paper uses Shannon-Weaver linear communication model and Defleur two-way interactive and circular communication model to illustrate in a vivid and direct way the microscopic and static linguistic translation concept and the macroscopic and dynamic cultural translation concept, with emphasis on information communication between ＂I＂ and ＂Me＂ within ＂oneself＂ and on the readers＇ feedback in interpersonal communication, and with the aim to show that translation is a communicative activity without fail. The only way out and breakthrough for the study of translation theory and practice is to focus on ＂communication＂, namely, communicating the pith and marrow of the original and the readers＇ requirements and needs, communicating the authors＇ flavor and the information to be conveyed, and communicating the translator＇s understanding of the original and his creation in the translated version. The translator should relocate his position in translation by shifting from static ＂translating＂ to dynamic ＂communicating＂, from microscopic linguistic perspective to macroscopic cultural perspective, from one-way linear communication to two-way circular interaction in order to ensure the unblocked channel for translation as communication and to make possible the effective transmission of information and the interaction between the source and the destination, thus achieving the ultimate goal of translation.