精原干细胞的增殖分化及其在畜牧业上的应用

Prliferation and Differentiation of the Spermatogonial Stem Cells and Their Application in the Stockbreeding

精原干细胞(Spermatogonial stem cells,SSCs)是指位于睾丸曲细精管基膜上,既能自我更新以维持自身群体数量恒定,又能定向分化形成精母细胞,最终形成精子的一类成体干细胞。鉴于SSCs独具的生物学特性,其在干细胞生物学、医学、畜牧业等领域具有重要价值。通过其建立转基因动物模型,对研究精子的发生机制、重建不育个体的生精功能等有着重要意义。笔者对哺乳动物SSCs的形态特性,增殖分化特性及其调控因素,以及SSCs在畜牧业中的应用进行了综述。

Spermatogonial stem cells （ SSCs）, which not only can maintain the number of themselves, but also can differentiate into spermatocytes, are located in seminiferous tubules. Due to their unique biological properties, investigations on SSCs are significantly important in stem cell biology, basic medicine and animal science. Using SSCs to prepare transgenie animal models has key roles in understanding the mechanism of spermatogenesis and rebuilding spermatogenic function of infertile individual. The morphological, proliferating, differentiating characteristics and the regulation of mammalian SSCs and the applications of SSCs on the stockbreeding were reviewed.