大口黑鲈和蓝鳃太阳鱼鳃结构的扫描电镜观察

A scanning electron microscopical observation of gill structure of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and blue gill Lepomis macrochirus

应用扫描电镜对大口黑鲈Micropterus salmoides和蓝鳃太阳鱼Lepomis macrochirus鳃的表面微细结构进行了观察。结果表明：大口黑鲈和蓝鳃太阳鱼鳃的表面结构和微细结构与其它硬骨鱼类基本相似,鳃弓和鳃耙表面被具环形微嵴的上皮细胞所覆盖,表面观凹凸不平;大口黑鲈鳃耙的尖齿直径和长度分别为蓝鳃太阳鱼鳃耙的3.4-3.8倍和2.1-3.8倍;两种鱼的鳃丝末端略为膨大呈勺状,鳃丝表面都具有规则或不规则分布的环形微嵴、沟、坑、孔等结构;大口黑鲈鳃丝之间的距离相对较大,蓝鳃太阳鱼的鳃丝间距离仅为大口黑鲈的83%-88%;大口黑鲈鳃小片的高度、厚度和片间距都大于蓝鳃太阳鱼。文中还比较探讨了大口黑鲈和蓝鳃太阳鱼的形态结构与其生理功能之间的关系。

The ultrastructure of the gill surface in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and blue gill Lepomis macrochirus was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the surface architecture and ultrastructure of gills filaments and secondary gill lamellaes of the largemouth and the blue gill were similar to other teleosts. The surfaces of gill arches and gill rakers were composed of tetragonal epithelial ceils with circular microridges. Some surface architectures of the gills were smothness, and the others were concaves from top view. The diameter and length of sharp points on gill rakers of the largemouth were 3.4 - 3.8 and 2.1 - 3.8 times more than that of the blue gill, respectively. The terminal of gill filament expanded to be spoon - shaped. The presence of various features such as regular and irregular circular microridges,indentations, micropits and crevices were found on the surface architectures of gill filaments. The interfilamentous space in the largemouth were relatively larger than in of the blue gill with being only 83% -88% of space of the former species. The height, thickness and interlamellar space in the largemouth were more than those in the the blue gill. The relationships between the gill structure of both species and their physiological functions were discussed.