对盐城市沿海2008年浒苔发生情况的初步认识

Initial understand of Enteromorpha prolifera Occurred in Yancheng Coastal Waters in 2008

浒苔与2008年6、7月间在江苏省盐城市沿海大面积发生,从而对2008年青岛举办的奥帆赛产生潜在影响。为此,我们通过调查、实地观测、实验室观察相结合的办法,对浒苔的发生、发展情况进行了解和分析。浒苔是近几年在盐城沿海出现的,2008年达到高峰,4、5月份少量发现,6、7月份大量暴发;海上观察,浒苔通常漂浮于清水区,成区域分布,其间夹杂有铜藻,在浑浊、低盐海区、水温25℃以上时逐步衰退下沉;7月上旬,在浒苔下沉海区观察到有褐色水团,有光合作用,镜检疑为浒苔的孢子体。分析认为浒苔是在基岩质海区或在紫菜栈架上发生,生长旺盛时爆发并发生漂移,环境不适时下沉,并形成孢子体存在。浒苔在今后仍可能大面积爆发,并对海洋环境、生态及海洋捕捞生产等方面产生重大影响,应加强对策研究。

Enteromorpha prolifera is a kind of oceanic plant. It occurred in Jun. - Jul. of 2008 along Yancheng coast, where the 2008 Olympic Yacht Race will hold in Qingdao. In this connection, Enteromorpha prolifera by means of investigation on the spot and observation in the laboratory was studied. The Enteromorpha prolifera appears in recent years in Yancheng. It emerged frequently in 2008, first, a small quantity in Apr. - May and then a large number in Jun.- Jul. The Enteromorpha prolifera was observed in the clear waters mixed with Sargassum and diminish in turbid or low-salt waters or waters above 25 degrees Centigrade. The brown mass was observed in waters where Enteromorpha prolifera sank during first ten days and middle ten days of Jul. The brown mass was observed by a microscope to be a germ with photosynthesis, which could be sporephyte of Enteromorpha prolifera. The Enteromorpha prolifera was analyzed to occur along the rocky coasts or on laver stands. It grows vigorously and drifts downstream. It sinks while it isnt fit to sur- roundings and sporophyte is possibly formed. The Enteromorpha prolifera is liable to burst out on a large-scale in the future and to exercise serious influence over oceanic environment, oceanic ecology and oceanic fishing. For this reason, the Enteromorpha prolifera should be further observed and carefully researched.