梗阻性黄疸小肠黏膜屏障的损伤与修复研究进展

Research Development of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier’s Injury and Repair in Obstructive Jaundice

小肠三大黏膜屏障由生物屏障、免疫屏障和机械屏障构成，以维持肠道内各类天然菌落的平衡，阻止肠内细菌和内毒素移位。梗阻性黄疸常造成小肠黏膜屏障损伤，导致肠壁通透性增高，肠道内各种细菌和内毒素移位至肝、脾、血浆和肠系膜淋巴结中，引发门静脉以至全身血液系统的内毒素血症并发多器官功能衰竭等。近年来国内外学者对梗阻性黄胆与黏膜屏障的损伤及其修复等做了大量的研究，提出一些降低肠内细菌移位率的有效药物和方法，并尝试应用微生态制剂来修复损伤的肠黏膜，对梗阻性黄疸术后并发症的预防和治疗具有重大临床意义。本文就该领域的研究进展进行了综述。

The major mucosal barriers of small intestine are biological barriers, immune barriers and machinery barriers. These barriers maintain intestinal bacteria balance and prevent intestinal bacteria and toxins. In the events of obstructive jaundice, defects of intestinal mucosal barrier wall increase permeability, resulting in a variety of intestinal bacteria and toxins in the shift to the liver, spleen, plasma and mesenteric lymph nodes, triggered endotoxemia of portal and systemic blood system with multiple organ failure. Some effective drugs reduce the rate of intestinal bacteria displacement This article reviewed the research progress of intestine mucosal barrier and obstructive jaundice.