陕西温室黄瓜根腐病及流行因素研究

Cucumber root rot and epidemic factors in Shaanxi Province, China

为明确陕西省温室黄瓜根腐病的病原及流行影响因素, 采用病原物组织分离的常规方法及田间系统调查, 对陕西温室黄瓜棚室出现的两种类型根腐病进行了系统研究。结果表明, 陕西省不同生态区温室黄瓜根腐病病原菌不同, 陕北地区黄瓜根腐病病原菌为甜瓜疫霉（Phytophthora melonis）, 关中地区为尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）。菌落均在10-30 ℃条件下正常生长发育, 以20-25 ℃条件下发育最快, 当温度超过 30 ℃菌落生长速度减慢。设施栽培面积的增加、土壤连作年限的延长、不合理的轮作种植及大水漫灌等与温室黄瓜根腐病的发生密切相关。

To elucidate pathogen and epidemic factors of cucumber root rot, two pathotypes of cucumber root rot were systematically investigated under solar greenhouse conditions by tissue isolation, single spore purification and re-inoculation in Shaanxi Province. The results show that the pathogens are different in different ecological regions, and the pathogen responsible for cucumber root rot in northern Shaanxi is identified as Phytophthora melonis, while that for Guanzhong region is Fusarium oxysporum. The pathogen colony grows normally within 10~30 ℃, and rapidly within 20~25 ℃. When temperature is over 30 ℃, the colony growth rate lowers. The prevalence of cucumber root rot are closely related to increased plantation areas, the number of years of continuous cropping, unreasonable crop rotation and flood irrigation. Environmental changes in cucumber fields constitute the main epidemic factor of cucumber root rot.