西双版纳野猪微卫星多态性研究

Research on the Satellite Polymorphism of the Xishuangbanna Wild Boar

采用联合国粮农组织（FAO）和国际动物遗传学会（ISAG）联合推荐的27对微卫星DNA引物，对云南西双版纳野猪78个个体的遗传多样性进行了分析和研究，旨在为野猪遗传资源的合理利用及保护提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）78个个体在27个微卫星座位上共检出213个等位基因，各座位上等位基因数的范围在4。13之间，平均每个位点检测到7．89个等位基因，表明在3个野猪群体中多态性较丰富。（2）计算了等位基因频率，并以其为基础获得了野猪群体的平均杂合度、多态信息含量和有效等位基因数，分别为H均值0．81，PIC均值0．79；有效等位基因数共155．77个，有效等位基因数在2．65—10．10之间，平均数为5．77个，等位基因频率在0．0128—0．4808之间，其中位点SW72的102／等位基因频率最高，表明群体内的遗传变异较丰富。（3）计算了Nei氏标准遗传距离，结果表明景洪野猪与勐海野猪遗传距离最近，和勐腊野猪的遗传距离较远，种间内的遗传变异丰富，表明西双版纳野猪群体在核基因水平具有丰富的遗传多样性。

Twenty-seven pairs of the micro-satellite DNA primers recommended by FAO and ISAG were selected to perform the analysis and research to the genetic diversity of the 78 individuals in the natural group of Xishuangbanna wild boar in Yunnan, so as to provide the scientific rationale for the rational u- tilization and protection of the genetic resources of wild boar. The following were the results ： （ 1 ） Sev- enty-eight individuals in the 27 micmsatellite positions had 213 alleles, the range of the number of al- leles in various positions was 4 - 13. The average number of alleles in each position was 7.89, which in- dicated that there was the plentiful polymorphism in three wild boar groups. （2） The average heterozy- gosity （H）, the average polymorphism information content （PIC）, effective alleles and the number of effective allele were 0. 81, 0. 79, 155.77 and between 2. 65 and 10. 10 （mean =5.77）, respectively. The allele frequencies ranged from 0. 012 8 to 0. 480 8, and the allele frequency in the point SW72 was the highest , which indicated that the genetic variation in the group was very plentiful. （3） Nei＇s standard genetic distance between Jinghong wild boar and Menghai wild boar was the nearest, and that between Jinghong wild boar and Mengla wild boar was bundant, which indicated that there was the genetic boar in the level of nuclear gene. far, and inter-species genetic variation was very apolymorphism for the group of Xishuangbanna wild