磷石膏与沸石对酸性黄壤活性铝形态及作物营养平衡的影响

Effects of Phosphogypsum and Zeolite on Active Aluminium Form in Acidic Yellow Soil and Nutrient Balance of Carrot

采用室内恒温培养、土壤盆栽试验和室内分析方法，研究了磷石膏与沸石对酸性黄壤活性铝形态及作物营养平衡的影响。结果表明，随磷石膏、沸石用量增加，酸性黄壤交换态铝下降35．5％～41．0％，羟基铝下降24．5％；随施用时间增加，最初1个月交换态铝迅速下降，随后2～4个月呈类似正弦波的变化，羟基铝则持续缓慢下降；在11～18℃交换态铝、羟基铝下降幅度缓慢。在18～25％交换态铝、羟基铝下降幅度加快。施用磷石膏的胡萝卜干重居前3位，是CK的3．4—5．9倍。施磷石膏胡萝卜的磷、钾、硫、钙吸收量分别比CK增加127．0％、31．2％、70．1％和75．1％，铝吸收量降低50．4％，植株氮硫比、钾硫比、钾钙比、硫铝比和钙铝比对干重的影响达显著水平。

The effects of phosphogypsum and zeolite on active aluminium form in acidic yellow soil and nutrient balance of carrot were studied by using the indoor incubation culture,pot cultivation test and indoor analysis method. The results showed that the exchangeable Al （Ex-Al） and hydroxyl A1 （Hy-Al） in acidic yellow soil were 35.5 % -41.0 % and 24.5 % lower than CK with increase of applying phosphogypsum and zeolite amount respoctively,Ex-Al dropped rapidly in the first month and then slowed down during 2 -4 months and Hy-Al decreased slowly with time increase of phosphogypsum and zeolite application, and the drop range of Ex-Al and Hy-Al at 11 - 18℃ was slower than that at 18 - 25 ℃. The dry weight of carrot with applying phosphogypsum was 3.4 - 5.9 times that of CK. The P, K, S and Ca absorption amount of carrot with applying phosphogypsum was 127.0 % ,31.2 % ,70.1% and 75.1% higher than that of CK respectively and AI absorption amount of carrot with applying phosphogypsum was 50.4 % lower than that of CK. The N/S ratio, K/S ratio, K/Ca ratio, S/Al ratio and CA/ Al ratio of carrot plants had the significant effect on dry weight of carrot plants.