高频超声对早期肝硬变的显像研究

The visualization research to early cirrhosis of liver by high-frequency ultrasound

目的研究通过高频超声显示肝包膜及肝实质结构变化来检测早期肝硬变的情况。方法随机选择肝穿患者150例,其中病理确诊肝硬化24例。分别用低频凸阵探头及高频线阵超声探查肝脏包膜及部分肝实质。使用的仪器是HDI 5000 Sono CT,凸阵探头频率2～5MHz,线阵探头频率5～12MHz。结果高频超声显示肝硬化患者肝包膜不光滑,实质呈斑片状或多发强弱不匀回声光团。低频凸阵探头仅显示肝实质光点增粗,回声不均。结论高频超声能较精确地显示肝脏表面及部分肝实质较细微的改变,利用高频超声的良好的空间及时间分辨率弥补了凸阵探头探查肝脏表面的技术缺陷。肝脏表面不平滑及肝实质多发强弱不均回声光斑可能是肝硬化早期病变的重要的诊断指标。

Objective To explore the effects of high-frequency ultrasound in detecting hepatic cirrhosis through demonstrating the change of structures in liver capsule and liver parenchyma. Methods Selecting 150 cases of liver biopsy were selected randomly, among which 24 patients had been made a definite diagnosis in pathology. The probe of low frequency transduction convex array and high frequency linear array ultrasound were used to detect liver capsule and part of liver parenchyma. The apparatus is Philips SONO CT 5000. The frequency of convex array probe is 2 -5MHz, and linear array probe is 5 - 12MHz. Results The high-frequency ultrasound demonstrated that the liver capsule was not glossy and the liver parenchyma＇s image assumed patching or multiple echogenic areas in inequable echo. The probe of low frequency transduction convex array only showed that the echogenic dots of liver parenchyma became thickening and unevenness. Conclusions High-frequency ultrasound can demonstrate the tiny alteration in liver capsule and liver parenchyma more precisely . By using the fine spatial resolution and temporal resolution of the high-frequency ultrasound, we can retrieve the defection intechnique when we take convex array probe to detect liver capsule. The unglossy liver capsule and the multiple echogenic spots in inequable echo of liver parenchyma is likely to be the significant diadynamic criteria of early pathological change in cirrhosis.