椿叶花椒幼苗施肥的生理特性响应

Physiological Responses of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Plantlets to Fertilization

采用正交设计L9(34),对椿叶花椒幼苗进行盆栽施肥试验,设置氮、磷、钾3因素3水平,探讨氮、磷、钾肥配施对椿叶花椒苗木生理指标的影响.结果表明:(1)不同比例的氮、磷、钾肥配施后,光合速率、蒸腾速率均在13:00达到当天的最大值,不存在光合"午休"现象,两者日变化均呈现明显的"单峰型"趋势,处理9(N3P3K2组合)有利于苗木光合速率的提高,N素对幼苗光合速率的影响达到95%的显著性水平,P和K素的影响不显著;(2)7:00到9:00气孔导度G s均上升,有利于提高胞间的CO2浓度(C i),增强光合作用;(3)9种处理间的C ond和C a(大气CO2浓度)几乎没有显著性差异,部分处理的C i存在显著差异,但变化幅度较小;(4)有效辐射日变化呈明显的单峰线变化趋势;(5)各处理之间叶片水压亏缺日变化差异不明显.

By using orthogonal design L9（34） , the paper made a fertilizing experiment on potted Zanthoxylum ailanthoides seedlings and studied the effects of fertilizer combinations of nitrogen, phosphor and potassium at three levels （9 treatments） upon its physiological indexes. Results show that both photosynthetic and transpiration rates reach the highest value at midday 13：00 and no photosynthetic ＇lunch hour＇ exists, which presents obviously a tendency of single-peak curve; that Treatment 9 （N3P3K2 combination） is beneficial to the increase of photosynthetic rate, on which N has a significant influence but P and K do not ; that from 7：00 to 9： 00, the stomatal conductance （Gs） increases, which helps to improve the intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci） and raise photosynthesis; that among the 9 treatments, there is no significant difference between Cond and Ca （CO2 concentration in the atmosphere） and only in some of the treatments, Ci has significant difference but the variation is not big; and that the diurnal variation of its effective radiation presents obviously a tendency of single-peak curve ; however, in each treatment, the variation of leaf hydraulic deficit is not apparent.