速度与认知成绩及年龄关系的研究

A STUDY ON RELATIONS BETWEEN SPEED,COGNITIVEPERFORMANCE AND AGE

应用累加成绩──反应时曲线比较研究了青年组（２０－２９岁，５０人）与老年组（６０－６９岁，５０人）五项作业速度与成绩之间的关系，这五项作业是数字旋转、心算、符号数字、汉字数字和图形空间定位。结果表明：（１）老年组五项作业的累加成绩──反应时曲线均较青年组上升缓慢，表明老年组需要较长的反应时，便可获得与青年人相当的累加成绩得分；（２）老年组累加成绩──反应时曲线上升的快慢还与作业的性质及难度有一定关系。上述结果说明，在所研究作业的难度范围内，速度减慢是老年人获得与青年人相当成绩的保证因素，支持关于速度可能是在年龄与成绩之间起一种调节作用的观点。

The relations between speed and performance in five tasks, including Digit Rota- tion, Mental Arithmetic, Symbol-Digit, Chinese Character-Digit, and Figure Spatial Location, was studied in the young group (20-29 years of age, 50 subjects) and old group (60-69 years of age, 50 subjects) by using cumulate performance-reaction time curve. The results indicated: (1 ) The cumulate performance-reaction time curve of five tasks progressed more slowly up in the old group than in the young group, suggesting that the old group took longer reaction time to get the cumulate performance corresponding to the young group; (2) The characteristic of cumulate performance-reaction time curve going up had a relation to feature and difficulty of tasks. These results showed that speed slowing ensured the old group to get performance corresponding to the young group within the difficulty of these tasks, supporting the viewpoint in which speed perhaps played a regulating role between age and performance