磷酸酯二聚表面活性剂的合成与性能

The synthesis and performance of dimeric surfactants couple octanol sufisuccinate sodium

以乙二醇、环氧氯丙烷、正辛醇和五氧化二磷为原料,合成二聚表面活性剂双辛醚聚乙二醇磷酸酯钠(EAOPN)。首先在n(乙二醇)︰n(环氧氯丙烷)=1.0︰2.1,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为6.0 h条件下,得到乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(EAE);其次在n(辛醇)︰n(EAE)=2.2︰1.0,反应温度为120℃,反应时间为5.0 h条件下,得到产率为89%的双醚醇化产物;最后在n(五氧化二磷)︰n(双酯醇)=1.2︰1.0,反应温度为70℃,反应时间为3.0 h条件下,得到单酯收率为65%的二聚双辛醚聚乙二醇磷酸酯钠(EAOP)。用氢氧化钠中和得到产物。通过红外光谱分析其产物结构,并测定产物的表面张力、临界胶束浓度、润湿性等。结果表明,所合成的EAOPN与单基表面活性剂辛醚聚乙二醇磷酸酯钠相比,具有更好的表面活性。

The dimeric surfactants, sodium dioctyl ether polyglycol phosphates（EAOPN）, were synthesized accroding to the following procedure. First, ethyleneglycol diglycidylether（EAE） was prepared by the reaction of diethyleneglycol（DEG） and epoxy chloropropane（ECP）（nDEG ： nDEG = 1.0 ： 2.1） for 6 h at 353 K. Then, EAE was alcoholized with n-octanol（noctanol ： nEAE = 2.2 ： 1.0） for 5 h at 393K by the yield of 89%. Last the target product, sodium dioctyl ether polyglycol phosphates, was obtained by the reaction of ester dioctanol and phosphorus pentoxid by the mole ratio of 1 ： 1.2 at 343 K for 3 h. After neutralization by NaOH, the corresponding monoester yield was 65%. The structure of the target product was characterized by IR spectrum and its surface tension, CMC and wetting were determined. The results indicated that target product EAOPN as surface activity agent showed better surface activities than those of sodium mono ether polyglycol phosphates.