我国湖泊环境演变及其成因机制研究现状

The Lake Environment Changes in China and Its Mechanical Explanation

湖泊沉积忠实地记录了湖泊环境变化的各类信息。不同时间尺度的湖泊环境变化分别受到构造、气候与人类活动三个方面的驱动机制的影响。影响中国湖泊环境变化的最主要的构造运动是青藏高原的隆升;气候变化的影响主要是东亚季风系统带来的一系列作用;而人类活动的影响则比较复杂,不仅有流域植被、土壤性质的改变导致输入湖泊物质的变化,也有人类活动直接改造湖泊,如围垦、封堵等。准确地分析湖泊环境变化的各种过程与规律,特别是定量刻画人与自然相互作用下的湖泊环境响应过程与驱动机理,是当今科学界的热点。

All the information from the lake environment changes could be well archived in th lacustrine sediments. The changes in lake environment on the different time-scale are resulted from the tectonic movement, climatic change and human impact respectively and meanwhilely. The major tectonic movement in China is the uplifting of Tibetan Plateau, and the climate system is the east Asian monsoon, however, the human impact seems to be more implicated, e.g. the indirect impact such as the vegetation and land use changes in the catchment, or the direct impact such as the lake reclamation and the lake enclosure from large river system. Delineating the mechanism of the lake environment changes and distinguishing the human impact from the natural influence are presently highlighted by the paleolimnologists.